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Holds	Directions	Actions	Positions
Normal closed hold Normal open holds Crossed holds	Facing the line of dance Facing perpendicular to the line of dance	Change of a hand hold, Change of directions Cross body lead, Turns, Duck, Check Copa or 'In and Out', Hand drop, Hand throw Natural top, Walks	Hammerlock Half hammerlock or Broken arm Embrace, Arm loop, Sombrero Arm lock or Arm hook

Facing along the line of dance

Variations	Description	Symbol	Thumbnail Click to enlarge
Facing each other	The dancers are facing each other and are positioned along the line of dance.	M → ← L or L → ← M
Facing the same direction with the lady in front	The dancers are facing the same direction along the line of dance. The lady is positioned in front of the man. This is also called a shadow position.	M → → L or L ← ← M
Facing the same direction with the man in front	The dancers are facing the same direction along the line of dance. The man is positioned in front of the lady. This is also called a shadow position.	L → → M or M ← ← L
Facing the opposite direction (back to back)	The dancers are facing the opposite direction (back to back) along the line of dance.	M ← → L or L ← → M
Facing the same direction, side to side	The dancers are facing the same direction and the lady is positioned either on the right or on the left side of the man (side to side).	M ← L ←